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A/C system

Reply #30
Here is the charts. Plain and simple.

http://www.ackits.com/aacf/ptchart.cfm


NOTE increasing condenser size is always better. The faster you condense the better no question on that. But where is the cross over point. Well looking at the TP CHART the 2 freons are so close a change out would not be noticed. RA134A is the closest freon to R12 and without gauge readings no one can tell the difference. I have dun back to back tests on both freons and when converted the RA134A is so close it does not even matter. Once again increasing the condenser is always better but with these cars not necessary. Check out the TABLES!!!
I spend money I don't have, To build  cars I don't need, To impress people I don't know

HAVE YOU DRIVEN A FORD LATELY!!

A/C system

Reply #31
Condenser size is related to refrigerant thermodynamic properties. Enthalpy, latent heat of vaporization, etc. How much energy does the refrigerant contain at a certain pressure/temperature and how hard is it to liquefy the gaseous contents of the condenser input. P-V tables will drive the structural requirements of the condenser - how thick the tubes must be.

Two refrigerants could have very similar P-V tables and require vastly different condenser/evaporator sizes.

A/C system

Reply #32
Then why do conversions WORK???? I have dun HUNDREDS with absolutely NO ISSUES!!! So question to posters. How many of you converted to RA134A and does your system work.

Tom Renzo Hundreds.

Any one else.

Is R134a less efficient than R12 ?
R134a is NOT less efficient than R12. Actually R134a is more efficient so it needs a bigger condenser. BUT the condenser in a modern car are quite adequate for conversion. As i posted a bigger condenser is always better but not necessary. Remember when converting you always down charge with 134A  by 10-15%. This is because 134A is more efficient. So change out your condenser that is always a good idea but it is not NECESSARY. Just saying. Thanks


 Condensers and Pressure Cutout Switches

When retrofits were first studied several years ago, it was thought that the condenser and perhaps the evaporator would have to be replaced to maintain an acceptable level of cooling performance on a retro-fitted system. Now, it is generally accepted that if an R-12 system is operating within the manufacturer's specifications, there may be no need to replace either part.
I spend money I don't have, To build  cars I don't need, To impress people I don't know

HAVE YOU DRIVEN A FORD LATELY!!

A/C system

Reply #33
Quote from: TOM Renzo;415887
Then why do conversions WORK???? I have dun HUNDREDS with absolutely NO ISSUES!!! So question to posters. How many of you converted to RA134A and does your system work.

I'm not arguing that R-134a conversions don't work. I'm simply stating the fact that R-134a conversions require larger condensers to get equivalent performance of R-12 systems. The folks at the Automotive Air Conditioning Information Forum will agree. They've done thousands of conversions.
Quote
Is R134a less efficient than R12 ?
R134a is NOT less efficient than R12. Actually R134a is more efficient so it needs a bigger condenser. BUT the condenser in a modern car are quite adequate for conversion. As i posted a bigger condenser is always better but not necessary. Remember when converting you always down charge with 134A  by 10-15%. This is because 134A is more efficient. So change out your condenser that is always a good idea but it is not NECESSARY. Just saying. Thanks

The root discussion here is condenser size vs refrigerant. If you compare OEM R-12 condensers to R-134a condensers you'll find the R-134a are almost invariably larger than their R-12 counterparts. OEMs also began introducing  better technologies (6mm piccolo, parallel flow) Why? A larger condenser is needed to get the same performance when converting to R-134a (Is the horse dead yet)?

A/C system

Reply #34
i always had that question and you explained it well Jeremy,  i wondered why during the transition to r134 days, cars that had r134 typically had larger condensors.
now i get it.

in theory, r134 was suppose to be  more green for the planet, but the trade off was that it "doesnt cool" as well on "some" retrofit cars due to the oem R12 designed condensor.

A/C system

Reply #35
The horse is DEAD and i should have KNOWN BETTER.

The evaporators are also a bit different  on 134A units do you also change that??? No mention of an evaporator change out??

Ok Jeremy B i have a supply of R12 not only in one pound cans i also have several 30 and  50 LB JUGS. How much do you want. If a 5% reduction in cooling will make you AC system UNBEARABLE i will send you the proper amount of R12 and the proper oil to change back to R12.  CASE CLOSED!!!

Let me know !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Condenser design is always getting better reason being newer cars have less frontal area. This in turn necessitates better Condensers. Once again as i said a bigger one is always better but not necessary in cars that are converted and have large frontal area. So i guess anyone that installed a front mount in front of their Condenser has no ac because of the extra heat from it???

We service LIMOS and when double evaporators are installed in some of the stretched units we do not change the Condenser. There is no room to do it. And i know about the difference in designs. Once again bigger is always better, Thanks 




I have several cases of one pound CANS


I spend money I don't have, To build  cars I don't need, To impress people I don't know

HAVE YOU DRIVEN A FORD LATELY!!

A/C system

Reply #36
Quote from: TOM Renzo;415912
Ok Jeremy B i have a supply of R12 not only in one pound cans i also have several 30 and  50 LB JUGS. How much do you want. If a 5% reduction in cooling will make you AC system UNBEARABLE i will send you the proper amount of R12 and the proper oil to change back to R12.  CASE CLOSED!!!

I've got my Section 609 cert and run R12 in my cars, but thanks for the offer.

There are many variables that determine how a refrigerant performs:
latent heat of vaporization
thermal conductivity
heat capacity
pressure vs. temperature
density vs temperature
oil compatibility
etc...

I'm not going to go into how R-12 and R-134a compare in all those categories, I'll just throw out some quotes from various SAE papers regarding the two.

Quote from: 1990: Current Development Status of HFC-134a for Automotive Air Conditioning, D. J. Bateman (Du Pont)
Based on theoretical calculations, performance tests and information gained from other tests, such as those reported in this paper, HFC-134a is not a "drop-in" replacement for CFC-12 in most automotive systems.


This paper is referencing whether you can achieve OEM level performance in new cars by direct drop-in of 134a into an R-12 system, not whether you can retrofit a system with 134a in an older car.

Quote from: 1992: Automotive Air Conditioning System Using HFC-134a Comparison of Refrigeration Cycle Characteristics of CFC-12 and HFC-134a:, T. Hirata, H. Arai, K. Arahira (Nippondenso)
Thus, this testing revealed that at idling condition HFC-134a is inferior to CFC-12 in both compressor power consumption and cooling capacity. An increase in condenser capacity is required to offset such deterioration and equalize the performance of the air conditioning system.

On the flip side, testing at non-idle conditions showed R-134a had more cooling capapcity than R-12.

Regarding condensers in retrofits:
Quote from: 1993: The Development of a Retrofitting Procedure for CFC-12Automotive AC Systems to HFC-134a and P.A.G. Lubricant, H. Ax, N. Jingu, Shunji Komatu (Sanden)
Numerous tests conducted at Sanden have shown that the performance of an A/C system retrofitted to HFC-134a may be either inferior or superior to the original CFC-12 system. The greatest influence on the performance of a retrofitted HFC-134a A/C system is the efficiency of the condenser. The higher the discharge pressures, the more the performance and durability will suffer. If discharge pressures are in excess of 2.5 MPa at 25 OC ambient temperature then the remaining compressor life may be seriously reduced. The need for improved condensing performance when retrofitting with HFC-134a should be determined on a vehicle to vehicle basis.

Of note, in the two example cases given in the paper, one showed similar on-road performance between R-12 and R-134a, but poor R-134a idle performance. The other showed R-12 had better R-12 performance on-road performance and similar idle performance. Both vehicles were CCOT.

Regarding R-134a retrofits:
Quote from: 1995: Retrofitting Mobile AC Systems, J. Amin and P. Verdile (Ford) H. Spauschus (Spauschus Associates, Inc.)
However, retrofit development must also consist of identifying conversion kits for each vehicle that will maintain equivalent performance (within +/- 1.1°C discharge air temperature and +/- 103.4 kPa compressor discharge pressures) to the original CFC-12 system.
It is imperative for the retrofit system to compensate for the lost condensing capacity due to the higher vapor pressures that are characteristic of HFC-134a. To address this issue, seven wind tunnel facilities were used to identify the worst case body style, power train and engine combination of each vehicle line. Once identified, these vehicles were used as the basis for developing performance packages to be included in the retrofit conversion kit. Condensing capacity and compressor discharge pressure were improved by one or any combination of the following: adding air deflectors or seals, modifying existing fan control strategies or designs, adding pusher fans, or upgrading to a high performance condenser.


Regarding R-134a charge amount, which is related to density and system volume:
Quote from: 1992: Automotive Air Conditioning System Using HFC-134a Comparison of Refrigeration Cycle Characteristics of CFC-12 and HFC-134a:, T. Hirata, H. Arai, K. Arahira (Nippondenso)
It has been verified that the refrigerant charge amount is reduced proportional to the difference in liquid density, resulting in a 7% overall reduction charge amount.


Although it should have been obvious that charge amount was simply related to refrigerant density and system volume, it was nice to finally nail that fact down. One of the two reasons to move away from tube/fin condensers was the large volume they had relative to their heat transfer capability. The other reason being superior heat exchange per given frontal area.

A 1989 paper compared a parallel flow condenser to a serpentine condenser and found:
Quote from: 1989: Refrigerant Charge Reduction Through the Application of a New Vehicular Condenser, R. Struss, J. Henkes, M. El-Bourini and J. Eigenberger (Modine)
Road and vehicular wind tunnel tests confirm PFtm condensers equal the performance of conventional serpentine condensers, while requiring about 25% less refrigerant. In addition, PFtm condensers weigh less and offer installed volume savings. These characteristics will become assets, as supplies of refrigerants are reduced and under hood space becomes more limited.

The impetus of the paper was to reduce R-12 charge due to upcoming reduction in R-12 production limits.

A/C system

Reply #37
SO we both have the same credentials. Funny thing is R12 is getting cheaper by the DAY. And 134 is sky rocketing. Could the 1234yf be in our automotive FUTURE. They approved it and it looks like a GO!!!  Hay i did not know you were licensed and the offer i made you was a genuine one. Some might think i am a PRICK but i always like to help people HONESTLY i would have sent you everything including a CAN TAP. Thanks.

Now what will i do with the R12 and 134 Manifolds and reclaiming machines that will be collecting dust i have ??? Guess they will go in the pile of obsolete specialty tools like a VEGA timing belt tensioner tool. And as usual the pressures keep on getting HIGHER . Gm is using 1234yf in model year 2013. Time for new stuff again. But the plus side is i think it might be a gas that can be vented. The EPA has not answered this question. Going to be interisting. It is claimed it can be a substitute for both 12 & 134. Thoughts???  Thanks
I spend money I don't have, To build  cars I don't need, To impress people I don't know

HAVE YOU DRIVEN A FORD LATELY!!

A/C system

Reply #38
Quote from: TOM Renzo;417033
SO we both have the same credentials. Funny thing is R12 is getting cheaper by the DAY. And 134 is sky rocketing. Could the 1234yf be in our automotive FUTURE. They approved it and it looks like a GO!!!  Hay i did not know you were licensed and the offer i made you was a genuine one. Some might think i am a PRICK but i always like to help people HONESTLY i would have sent you everything including a CAN TAP. Thanks.


I thought the offer was genuine, but the motives suspect. ;)

Quote

Now what will i do with the R12 and 134 Manifolds and reclaiming machines that will be collecting dust i have ??? Guess they will go in the pile of obsolete specialty tools like a VEGA timing belt tensioner tool. And as usual the pressures keep on getting HIGHER . Gm is using 1234yf in model year 2013. Time for new stuff again. But the plus side is i think it might be a gas that can be vented. The EPA has not answered this question. Going to be interisting. It is claimed it can be a substitute for both 12 & 134. Thoughts???  Thanks

I've only read one SAE paper on 1234yf (what an odd name!) that did a drop-in retrofit in an R-134a vehicle. Performance-wise, the 1234yf had lower vent temps and discharge pressures than 134a. At the same time, I've read a few online articles saying it is illegal to retrofit 1234yf to 134a systems, but haven't found an actual source. I would assume the issue is due to 1234yf's flammability concerns (is is a hydrocarbon refrigerant). There is a special SAE standard for 1234yf evaporators.

Mercdedes performed a crash test about a year ago and had a fire when the refrigerant leaked onto the exhaust manifolds. They've swapped back to R-134a in the meantime and are pushing for CO2 as a R-134a substitute.

I think current prices for 1lb of 1234yf are ~$65. That's $2000 for a 30lb cylinder! :wtf: I'll stick with R-12 and R-134a!

A/C system

Reply #39
I have been reading about CO2 but it is a little hard to digest for me. I am assuming you are a HVAC specialist. 

I thought the offer was genuine, but the motives suspect.

Man you know how to hurt a guy. It was from the heart brother nothing else. I may come off as a PRICK but as i say i am always there for people any time or day of the week. Thank you

Thank you for the info on the 1234 Do you think it is PROPANE BLEND. I have not read in to it much but that is what it sounds like. I am going to research it a bit more. Funny how the AC systems change every 25-30 years. Does collusion ring a bell. Just saying. DUPONT just might be messing with us. Thoughts ???
I spend money I don't have, To build  cars I don't need, To impress people I don't know

HAVE YOU DRIVEN A FORD LATELY!!

A/C system

Reply #40
Here we go again....

A/C system

Reply #41
Here we go again with what. Something we are discussing and it is very CIVIL and informative to me. How about you. Care to join in in the discussion of new freons and pressures etc etc. If so chime in and lets discuss the differences 86. I personally have to do some research on 1234 and i will do that. Along with courses to sharpen my skills if a system show up in the shop. If we take in a crash car that has the stuff i cant tell the insurance CO OH WELL i do not know the system. So why the post 86???
:bowdown::bowdown::bowdown:
I spend money I don't have, To build  cars I don't need, To impress people I don't know

HAVE YOU DRIVEN A FORD LATELY!!

A/C system

Reply #42
I had to re-read the post again. At first it sounded like another argument, but after reading it again I have to agree with you. Have a good day.

 

A/C system

Reply #43
Here's a question, anyone ever convert to R-134 then back to R12?  When I converted mine I put in the new acspoogeulator, orifice, and condenser, and it just plain sucks here.  Texas 105* summer heat and 50-70% humidity on a daily basis in July....  Call me a wimp if you want, I like it COLD!  I'm thinking of going through it all again, replacing the acspoogeulator and condenser, and flushing the  out of it again.  Just didn't know if anyone had tried that and it worked.  I'd rather get the R134 working right, and I hadn't tried the bigger condenser yet.  I have a huge electric fan too, so I know that's not a problem.

A/C system

Reply #44
Quote from: snidet_bird;418519
Here's a question, anyone ever convert to R-134 then back to R12?  When I converted mine I put in the new acspoogeulator, orifice, and condenser, and it just plain sucks here.  Texas 105* summer heat and 50-70% humidity on a daily basis in July....  Call me a wimp if you want, I like it COLD!  I'm thinking of going through it all again, replacing the acspoogeulator and condenser, and flushing the  out of it again.  Just didn't know if anyone had tried that and it worked.  I'd rather get the R134 working right, and I hadn't tried the bigger condenser yet.  I have a huge electric fan too, so I know that's not a problem.

 
Does it cool well if you're on the highway?

If so, installing an electric fan to run with the A/C on will help your cooling, as would a larger condenser.
If not, I'd look at there being a problem in the system. Too much refrigerant, or not enough will affect the low side pressures, which are what flow through the evaporator.

Our low pressure cutout switches also are adjustable. r134 will cutout at a temperature 3 degrees higher than r12. If you adjusted the cutoff to be 3psi lower, the cutout would be at the same refrigerant temperature. I'd guess your problem isn't the system being 3 degrees different though - something wasn't installed right. For the best cooling, run a refrigerant level that stays just above the cutout switch pressure level on the hot days. I'd say shoot for 40psi low side at 1500rpms on a 100F day for a good dummy-proof system (45F evaporator temperature). Most cars today limit the cooling potential to around 60F anyway, so it would be nothing different than what people are used to.

Did you just have refrigerant added by a certain weight, or were gauges used to get the proper charge amount?
1988 Thunderbird Sport