Did you confirm the kicker extends when the A/C is turned on? I suspect the 84 EVTM matches what you have. Maybe a change after production started on the 83's. Anyhoo, it looks like you are making progress.
From the 84 EVTM: The 84 model 3.8L cars sold in the U.S. have CFI but cars sold in Canada have carbs. The A/C kicker has only one wire and they have another way of handling dieseling.
From the 83 EVTM: The A/C throttle kicker solenoid has LG/P H (Light Green/Purple Hash) and BK (Black) wires. The anti-diesel solenoid has two BK (Black) wires.
The choke heater (thermostat) is powered by the alternator S "Stator" output. This voltage is only available after the alternator is running. The voltage is lower than battery voltage, 7-9 volts. Your stock alternator is a 1G with an external voltage regulator. If it has been upgraded to a newer alternator with an internal regulator they may not have reconnected the choke heater. Check the voltage at the electric choke.
Have you looked at the throttle position while the engine is racing? The cold engine high rpm cam can run the rpm up pretty high. It is a three step cam. The vacuum pull down should move it off the highest step when the engine starts and you step on the gas to remove the throttle return spring tension. The electric choke should move it through the next two steps until it drops off the cam.
The throttle kicker shown in your picks looks like it is for a non A/C car. This is probable an anti dieseling solenoid, needed with a mechanical fuel pump. It should extend with key on and is adjusted with a warmed up engine for curb idle. Check fan shroud decal for details.
The 83 EVTM shows the A/C throttle kicker solenoid is a vacuum valve. so the kicker would be vacuum operated.
There are a lot of variations of the 2150 2-V carburetor. If you can post pictures of all sides of it maybe I can help figure out what you have. Does the car have a mechanical fuel pump?
From the '93 Mark VIII Shop manual: "The PCM calculates a fuel flow value by keeping track of the number and duration of fuel injector pulses. The PCM outputs this fuel flow value to pin 34, and the Message Center computer uses it to calculate fuel economy and distance-to-empty display for the driver."
There is no external to the PCM, ECU, EEC injector pulse sensor. In carburetor cars with Trip Minder there was a fuel flow sensor in the fuel line.
What year cluster pin-out are you looking for? I have 83 thru 88 Tbird/Cougar EVTMs and 93 & 94 shop manuals.
The "dust cap" is where the air gets sucked in when the canister is purged. Most canisters have just 2 hoses. The vapor hose from the gas tank and the purge hose to the intake manifold. The purge goes through a Purge Control Valve that is controlled by the EEC.